Current Issue : October-December Volume : 2011 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 8 Articles
The buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and provides rapid absorption for drugs than oral route. Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems are delivery systems, which utilized the property of bioadhesion of certain polymers, which become adhesive on hydration and hence can be used for targeting a drug to particular region of the body for extended period of time. The ability to maintain a delivery system at a particular location for an extended period of time has great appeal for both local as well as systemic drug bioavailability. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent literature and current technology used in the development mucoadhesive drug delivery system....
Abstract\r\nZidovudine the first anti-HIV compound approved for clinical use is widely used for treatment of AIDS either alone or in combination with other antiviral agents. Zidovudine is a di-deoxynucleoside compound in which 3- hydroxy groups on the sugar moiety can be replaced by group and this modification prevents the formanation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chain. Zidovudine appears most promising because it crosses the blood brain barrier and be taken orally. The main limitation to therapeutic effectiveness of zidovudine is its dose-dependent hematological toxicity, low therapeutic index, short biological half-life of 0.8-1.5 hours, and poor bioavailability 65% after its administration. So in order to improve the bioavailability, efficacy and to minimize the side effect associates with other drug delivery system, we have prepared gas powered system tablet of zidovudine using natural polymer mangifera indica. All the prepared tablets are able to float up to 24 hr, smooth, uniform in weight, thickness. The polymer used mangifera indica shows an increase in vitro residence time and is mainly due to swelling property of mangifera indica. Drug content uniformity study shoes uniform distribution of the drug throughout the formulation in the range 96.98 to 99.96%. The invitro drug release study shows that more than 95% of the drug was released at the end of 24 hr. the release profile of all the formulation is subjected to kinetic equations....
Coumarin is broadly used as Anti inflammatory, Blood-thinning, Anti-fungicidal and Anti-tumor agent. To optimize the dissolution procedure, various trials have been done with different pH and stirring speeds like 50, 75 and 100 rpm. The samples were withdrawn at various time intervals and analyzed by UV spectrophotometric method at 277 nm. The analytical method was validated for accuracy, precision and recovery studies. Statistical analysis proved that the method was precise, reproducible, selective, specific, and accurate for the analysis of coumarin. The discriminating power of the selected dissolution procedure relative to other dissolution procedure was evaluated. From the observed results, the use of the phosphate buffer pH 6.8 (900mL, at 37 ± 0.5ºC) as dissolution medium, paddle method (Apparatus Type II), stirring speed of the dissolution medium at 75 rpm for 45 min can be the appropriate procedure for performing the dissolution studies of coumarin in the tablet pharmaceutical dosage form....
The objective of the present study was to develop the delayed release multi-particulate pellet formulation of Rosuvastatin Calcium to improve the distribution of Rosuvastatin calcium, improve the product stability and to modulate the release properties. In the present study delayed release multi-particulate pellet formulation of Rosuvastatin Calcium was prepared by using fluidized bed coating method. Different pellet formulations were made by using delayed release rate controlling polymer like Eudragit L 30 D 55 and finally tablets were made. All the Prepared formulations were evaluated for the physical characteristics, in vitro dissolution and stability at 40°C/ 75% RH for three months. The release of Rosuvastatin calcium from the tablet for a period up to 10 hrs was recorded in controlled manner. The model for analysis of final formulation fitted showed that the release of Rosuvastatin Calcium follows delayed release....
Gastric retention drug delivery systems can be retained in stomach for a long time such retention systems are important for drugs that are degraded in intestine or for drugs like antacids or certain antibiotics, enzymes that should act locally in the stomach such systems are more advantageous in improving GI absorption of drug with narrow absorption windows as well as for controlling release of drugs having site specific absorption limitation. Retention of drug delivery system in the stomach prolongs overall GI transit time, there by resulting in improved bioavailability for some drug. Present investigation highlights the formulation and optimization of floating tablet of ofloxacin.Ofloxacin is the first generation fluroquinolone. The plasma half-life of drug is approximately 4-5 Hrs. In present investigation three different viscosity grades of HPMC namely HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M were used in different concentrations. Tablet was formulated as a floating tablet using gas-generating agent Sodium bicarbonate. Formulation was optimized on the basis of floating time and in vitro drug release. Dissolution profile were subjected various kinetic drug release equation. The tablet were subjected to evaluation for physical characteristics like weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content uniformity, floating lag time, floating time and in vitro drug release. Formulation containing HPMC K100M (F9) showed desired duration of floating time (10hrs.) and drug release at the end of 10 hrs. Hence, it is evident from this investigation that gas powered floating tablet could be promising drug delivery system for ofloxacin and improved drug availability....
Oral delivery is currently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most convenient and most economical method of drug delivery having the highest patient compliance. The tablet is the most widely utilized oral dose format. A novel tablet concept which offers ease of oral administration and benefits of increased patient compliance is the fast dissolving/disintegrating tablet (FDDT). This tablet format is designed to allow administration of an oral solid dose form in the absence of water or fluid intake. Such tablets readily dissolve or disintegrate in the saliva generally within<60 seconds. The oral drug delivery market was estimated to be worth $35bn in 2006 & forecast to reach$52bn by 2010 with a CAGR of 10%. Of this, the FDDT, taste masked & micro emulsion formulation segments constitute a 22% share with an expected CAGR of 17% to 2010.There is a clear opportunity for new enhanced oral products arising within this marketsegment. Formulation advances using a conventional tabletting process have led to the development of mechanically robust tablets which readily dissolve/disintegrate within <50 seconds and can be formulated in a range of sizes from 10 -15mm. The tablets produced are stable, and can withstand shipment in conventional tablet containers without loss of integrity.Pre-clinical canine studies with a range of formulations have demonstrated palatability and ease of administration. A number of FDDT products for human and veterinary administration are currently under development and the delivery of water soluble as well as lipophilic drug compounds. Fast- or mouth dissolving tablets have been formulated for pediatric, geriatric, and bedridden patients and for active patients who are busy and traveling and may not have access to water....
Advances in polymer science develop several novel drug delivery systems. Especially biodegradable polyesters have been employed for drug delivery system because of their biocompatibility and biodegradability. They provide controlled release of drugs in constant doses over long periods of time and release of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs as well as reduce drug degradation and drug loss, prevent harmful side effects. Among biodegradable polyesters, lactide/glycolide polyesters have been used widely in biomedical applications like fracture repair, surgical dressings and controlled drug delivery. This review highlights the synthesis processes of biodegradable polyesters like PLA, PGA and PLGA, their main researches and developments in controlled drug delivery systems....
Drug delivery via the oral mucous membrane is considered to be a promising alternative to the oral route. Sublingual route is a useful when rapid onset of action is desired with better patient compliance than orally ingested tablets. In terms of permeability, the sublingual area of the oral cavity (i.e. the floor of the mouth) is more permeable than the buccal (cheek) area, which in turn is more permeable than the palatal (roof of the mouth) area. The portion of drug absorbed through the sublingual blood vessels bypasses the hepatic first-pass metabolic processes giving acceptable bioavailability. Various techniques can be used to formulate sublingual tablets. New sublingual technologies address many pharmaceutical and patient needs, ranging from enhanced life-cycle management to convenient dosing for paediatric, geriatric, and psychiatric patients with dysphagia. This review highlights the different sublingual dosage forms, factors affecting the sublingual absorption, advantages, various in vitro and in vivo evaluation parameters and commercially available sublingual dosage forms....
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